Reference Library: All References

Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Under conditions expected in the 21st century, global warming and ocean acidification will cause corals to become increasingly rare on reef systems. This review presents future scenarios for coral reefs that predict increasingly serious consequences for reef-associated fisheries, tourism, coastal protection, and people.

Elevated CO2 levels affect the activity of nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase in the calcifying rhodophyte Corallina officinalis

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

A coralline alga took up and used carbon and nutrients differently when living under ocean acidification conditions for 12 weeks, and the changes affected its ability to compete with other macroalgae (seaweed). (Laboratory study)

An investigation of the calcification response of the scleractinian coral Astrangia poculata to elevated pCO2 and the effects of nutrients, zooxanthellae, and gende

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Corals collected in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, exhibited a complex set of responses when exposed to ocean acidification conditions, different nutrient levels, and two different temperatures. For example, female corals were more sensitive than males to elevated CO2 levels. Considering gender and spawning may be important when considering how populations of ...

Calcification of the Arctic coralline red algae Lithothamnion glaciale in response to elevated CO2

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

The calcium carbonate skeleton of a coralline red alga was estimated to become highly vulnerable to dissolving at an aragonite saturation state between 1.1 and 0.9, which is projected to occur in some parts of the Arctic between 2030 and 2050 if carbon emissions follow "business as usual" scenarios. (Laboratory ...

The effect of chronic and acute low pH on the intracellular DMSP production and epithelial cell morphology of red coralline algae

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

The release of dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) by marine algae has major impacts on the global sulphur cycle and may influence local climate through the formation of dimethylsulphide (DMS). However, the effect of global change on DMSP/DMS (DMS(P)) production by algae is not well understood. This study examined the effect of low pH ...

Effects of CO2-induced ocean acidification on physiological and mechanical properties of the starfish Asterias rubens

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

The common sea star (Asterias rubens) appeared to withstand the effects of reduced seawater pH, at least for short-term exposures of 15 to 27 days, with no significant changes in the strength of its tube feet or the RNA/DNA ratio of its tissues. (Laboratory study)

Evolutionary potential of marine phytoplankton under ocean acidification

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Marine phytoplankton have many characteristics, such as rapid cell division rates and large population sizes, that may enable them to adapt to ocean acidification and other types of global change. This paper reviews findings from previous studies to evaluate whether this adaptation is likely to occur, and it stresses the ...

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