Reference Library: Phytoplankton

Species-specific responses to calcifying algae to changing seawater carbonate chemistry

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Two species of phytoplankton (coccolithophores) had higher rates of deformities when pH of seawater in the laboratory was different from present-day ocean pH. Examination of geological samples of coccolithophores did not reveal higher levels of deformities, suggesting that coccolithophores have adapted to changes in ocean pH over geological time. ...

Evolutionary potential of marine phytoplankton under ocean acidification

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Marine phytoplankton have many characteristics, such as rapid cell division rates and large population sizes, that may enable them to adapt to ocean acidification and other types of global change. This paper reviews findings from previous studies to evaluate whether this adaptation is likely to occur, and it stresses the ...

Nutrient pulses, plankton blooms, and seasonal hypoxia in western Long Island Sound

  • Posted on: Wed, 03/30/2016 - 14:28
  • By: petert

Development of seasonal hypoxia was studied weekly in the western narrows of Long Island Sound (WLIS) during the summers of 1992 and 1993 by measuring hydrographic properties, biological oxygen demand (BOD), biomass, production, and mortality of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in the water column. Dissolved oxygen in bottom waters was low ...

Effect of ocean acidification on the fatty acid composition of a natural plankton community

  • Posted on: Wed, 03/30/2016 - 12:09
  • By: petert

The effect of ocean acidification on the fatty acid composition of a natural plankton community in the Arctic was studied in a large-scale mesocosm experiment, carried out in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway) at 79° N. Nine mesocosms of ~50 m3 each were exposed to 8 different pCO2 levels (from natural background conditions to ~1420 ...

Meta-analysis reveals negative yet variable effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms

  • Posted on: Wed, 03/30/2016 - 12:01
  • By: petert

Ocean acidification is a pervasive stressor that could affect many marine organisms and cause profound ecological shifts. A variety of biological responses to ocean acidification have been measured across a range of taxa, but this information exists as case studies and has not been synthesized into meaningful comparisons amongst response ...

Impacts of ocean acidification on marine organisms: quantifying sensitivities and interaction with warming

  • Posted on: Tue, 03/29/2016 - 18:06
  • By: petert

Ocean acidification represents a threat to marine species worldwide, and forecasting the ecological impacts of acidification is a high priority for science, management, and policy. As research on the topic expands at an exponential rate, a comprehensive understanding of the variability in organisms' responses and corresponding levels of certainty is ...

Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes

  • Posted on: Tue, 03/29/2016 - 16:02
  • By: petert

Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is altering the seawater chemistry of the world’s oceans with consequences for marine biota. Elevated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) is causing the calcium carbonate saturation horizon to shoal in many regions, particularly in high latitudes and regions that intersect with pronounced hypoxic ...

Ocean Acidification: The Other CO2 Problem

  • Posted on: Tue, 03/29/2016 - 14:50
  • By: petert

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), primarily from human fossil fuel combustion, reduces ocean pH and causes wholesale shifts in seawater carbonate chemistry. The process of ocean acidification is well documented in field data, and the rate will accelerate over this century unless future CO2 emissions are curbed dramatically. Acidification alters ...

Ocean and coastal acidification off New England and Nova Scotia

  • Posted on: Sun, 02/21/2016 - 15:47
  • By: petert

This Oceanography paper discusses ocean and coastal acidification processes specific to New England coastal and Nova Scotia shelf waters and reviews current understanding of the biological consequences most relevant to the region. It also identifies key research and monitoring needs to be addressed and highlight existing capacities that should be ...

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